An Innovative Approach: A Secured Automated Diagnosis System for Heart Diseases

An Advanced Approach: A made sure about mechanized Diagnosis System for Heart Diseases Theoretical â€The diagnosing of chest illness is a significant and convoluted method that requires serious extent of expertness. Improvement of processing machine techniques for the diagnosing of chest malady pulls in many examination laborers. This paper has built up a robotized diagnosing framework to put arranged chest illnesses like cardio vascular sickness, coronary arteria ailment, myocardiopathy, chest assault and so on. This diagnosing framework is a bundle plan or application that distinguishes the infections dependent on the perception accessible at the framework. This framework utilizes manifestations of patients to prognosticate the likeliness of patient gaining a chest malady. This diagnosing framework is outsider servers that are conceivably non to the full believed which raises privateness concerns. The utilization of encoding calculation before naming jelly the privateness of the patient informations and the assurance. The patient informations is scrambled by using an AES encoding calculation. The scrambled data is handled by this framework to sort the event of chest infections by using lucifer contriving calculation. Thus the server associated with the diagnosing technique is non ready to larn any abundance perception about the patient informations and results. Watchwords: AES encoding, clinical assurance emotionally supportive network, diagnosing framework, lucifer concocting calculation. I. Presentation Presently a day’s, in this universe chest ailment is the significant reason for perishes. There are a few peril factors for chest illness, for example, age, sexual orientation, baccy use, intoxicant ingestion, unfortunate eating regimen, meatiness, family unit history of chest sickness, raised blood power per unit zone, raised glucose. The World Health Organization has assessed that 12 million expires happen around the world, each twelvemonth because of chest ailments. Coronary illness is other than known as ( CVD ) cardiovascular infection, encases a figure of conditions that impact the chest non just chest attacks [ 2 ] . Heart illnesses other than remember practical employments of chest, for example, contaminations for chest musculuss like myocardial irritation ( incendiary chest sicknesses ) , chest valve abnormalcies or unpredictable chest beat and so on these grounds can take to chest disappointment [ 4 ] . Heart is the most essential basic organ in the human natural str ucture ; if that organ gets influenced so it other than influences the other basic pieces of the natural structure. In this quick moving universe individuals need to populate an extremely luxurious life so they work like a machine so as to pick up clump of cash and carry on with a comfortable life thus in this race they neglect to take consideration of themselves, in this kind of way of life they are most strained they have blood power per unit zone, sugar at extremely youthful age and they don’t give bounty leftover portion for themselves and eat what they get and they even don’t make a big deal about the nature of supplement, on the off chance that they are sick they go for their ain medication, as an outcome of all these little remissness it prompts a significant hazard that is chest infection. Subsequently it is extremely of import for a people to go for chest illness diagnosing. This paper has built up a diagnosing framework to put arranged chest maladies in an early stage. The expectation of this machine-controlled instrument is to help individuals who are non ready to run into the doctors straight and for the individuals who are occupied in plants and non even have clasp to see hospital. This diagnosing framework is a registering machine based framework which recognizes the ailment dependent on the discernment accessible at the framework. II EXIXTING SYSTEM A clinical assurance emotionally supportive network ( CDSS ) is an automated clinical diagnosing strategy for increasing wellbeing related judgments [ 6 ] . It is useful for patient or clinicians to finding the illnesses. Presently clinicians, who need to confirm whether their patients are influenced by that exceptional infection, could guide the patient informations to the server by means of the radio medium to execute diagnosing dependent on the human services comprehension at the server. In any case, there is presently a risk that the outsider servers are possibly non sure servers. Subsequently, let go ofing the patient informations tests claimed by the clinician or revealing the assurance to the non believed server raises privateness concerns. III. PROPOSED SYSTEM The main motivation behind the proposed work is to create privateness saved mechanized diagnosing framework. The patient can use this framework to name the ailment in an early stage. Understanding scrambles every segment of his/her informations using the AES encoding calculation and sends the encoded informations and the relating open key to the server [ 1, 6 ] . The private key dwells at the Patient side ; henceforth, it is non feasible for the remote server which partakes in this classification activity to disentangle. This framework gives privateness to the patient informations by coding the patient informations before naming [ 4 ] . The scrambled data is sent to the server for naming. The server utilizes the medicinal services data from its ain safe and characterizes the side effects by using matchmaking calculation [ 3 ] . The square chart for the proposed framework is given beneath. Figure: Work stream chart of the proposed technique. The above Figure.1 clarifies the proposed work process strategy for naming the chest ailments. The measure by measure strategy of proposed technique is as per the following. 1. The rundown of sicknesses related with chest and the related indications are gathered from the clinical assets. 2. The gathered side effects are transferred into server database through generator apparatus in an encoded document group. The plan of the generator instrument is to hive away the informations, for example, name of the sickness and the related manifestations. 3. The patient sends the rundown of side effects that he/she may understanding to the server. These informations must be scrambled by using an AES encoding calculation [ 1, 6 ] . The utilization of encoding calculation before naming jelly the privateness of patient informations. 4. The encoded informations to be prepared by the server is standardized. Standardization parts the encoded manifestations into each single side effect. This standardized data is in incomprehensible signifier. 5. This diagnosing server strategy the standardized data to sort the ailment dependent on the discernment accessible in its database. The order of chest sickness is finished by using lucifer doing calculation [ 3 ] . IV. Philosophy The proposed work includes four resources: informations accumulation, customer server imparting, encoding and disentangling and normalization. A. Information Collection Information total is an a large portion of import measure in a diagnosing framework. The different infections identified with chest and the related side effects are gathered from clinical assets for better assurance contriving. Every one of these informations must be transferred into server database through the utilization of generator device. The generator apparatus transfer these thing in a scrambled document group. This data will be utilized by the diagnosing framework during the diagnosing technique. This data will be utilized for two boss aims: First, the informations will be utilized in pull excursion utile discernment and gracefully logical assurance concocting. Second, the informations will be utilized in estimating the consequences of the side effects. B. Customer Server This measure plays out the hub imaginative movement and conveying between the start and finish. The customer and server conveying is done through attachments. Attachment is a bundle end point that builds up the bidirectional conveying between the customer and the server. In this application we can make a figure of customers that can pass on with the server at a similar clasp. The customer is a client of the framework for example the patient. The patient sends the rundown of side effects they may understanding to the server by means of the web. The server forms those side effects and gives reaction to the client. C. Encryption and Decryption Utilization of encoding before diagnosing jelly the privateness of both patient data and the result of the diagnosing method. AES ( Advanced Encryption Standard ) encoding calculation is utilized for coding the patient. AES is a symmetric square figure. This implies it utilizes same key for both encoding and unraveling. AES calculation acknowledges the square size of 128 and may use either 192 or 256 spots cardinal size. In this calculation full data square is handled in equal during every unit of ammo using changes and replacements. The info is an individual 128 spot hinder for both encoding and deciphering and is known as the in grid. This square is replicated into territory cluster which is altered at each period of the calculation thus duplicated to a final result lattice [ 1, 6 ] . The four periods of the AES encoding calculation are as per the following: 1. Substitute bytes 2. Move columns 3. Blend Columns 4. Include Round Key D. Standardization The normalization is done on the encoded data before naming. Standardization parts the scrambled side effects into single manifestation. This standardized data is in incomprehensible signifier. Consequently the server is non ready to larn any data about the patients. In normalization map it other than performs scaling. It is done to maintain a strategic distance from the event of errors. The standardized data is prepared by the server to sort the patient’s manifestations. The server utilizes matchmaking convention to sort the patient malady. Matchmaking Algorithm Matchmaking calculation is done to happen the ideal lucifer for the side effects to put the malady [ 3 ] .At preeminent the side effects entered by the patient is splitted into independent symptoms.Then every side effect is coordinated with the informations in the database one by one.For every manifestation the conceivable infection and its indications are listed.Now the side effects of every illness are coordinated with

You Dont Need to Miss the Mark to Get Professional Dissertation Help

You Don't Need to Miss the Mark to Get Professional Dissertation HelpThe dissertation help you are looking for might be right under your nose! A dissertation has a very special status in the academic world. While students will never admit it, they will rely on their academic work to land a high paying job or raise their professional profile. Being in the top rankings is one thing, but being accepted as a leader within your field of study is another entirely.With dissertation help from a professional writer, your career can go through the roof. You will be very proud to say that you have something so important to say and the greatest thing about it is that you have the opportunity to impress people from all walks of life.Diathesis help can be found at home or abroad. Working from home means that you can turn your dissertation into something that you can use at your workplace or even to generate income for yourself. You don't have to spend a fortune on professional dissertation help be cause there are plenty of experts out there that can help you write an amazing dissertation. There are hundreds of websites online that offer free or inexpensive dissertation help. From simple course corrections to grammar and punctuation, these sites are always willing to help you make your dissertation that much better.Writing a dissertation takes many forms and the truth is that your dissertation is an internationally known and worldwide field of study. It is something that virtually every employer of a degree level will want to see and while there may be no need to mention it during your interview, it is often to your advantage to include it in your curriculum vitae. Any resume that is read will reflect on your academic abilities and any profession in which you enter into will be impressed by your work.To use your dissertation as you like, it is important to have the help available at home. This means not only do you get the professional dissertation help that you need but you a lso get the experience and the personal support that you need. In this way, you can be completely confident that the dissertation that you create is as professional and as well-written as possible. The dissertation help is not just from someone who is good with words; it is from someone who understands what it takes to produce a written document of this caliber.Sometimes you might have a hard time coming up with ideas or facts to include in your dissertation. Since so many different fields exist, there are so many possibilities for the kind of dissertation that you want to create. Every field and every professor require their own style of writing. You just have to be open minded and willing to try something new so that your dissertation becomes something truly exceptional.Although, a private student health care organization is probably going to be the best choice for dissertation help, a company like this can also provide some of the same services as you would get at a college. Thes e companies have staff members who are really experts in various areas of the field of study that you are looking to research. Many times, they will bring in freelance writers who specialize in the specific area of your dissertation so that they can focus all of their attention on the material that you have provided.With the help of the internet, you will find that you don't need to rely on your friends or your family to tell you where to go when you need assistance. With some research, you can be sure that the company you are considering hiring for dissertation help is going to be more than willing to work with you.

Human nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human instinct - Essay Example I take the position that pitilessness is an interesting human characteristic since, as its definition proposes, it includes intentional curse of agony and enduring on others and getting delight from it. Exactly, individuals have a one of a kind capacity to ascribe enduring or agony to different animals. This was not the situation with the subjects in the Milgram’s try; in reality Stanley Milgram in one of his statements pronounced that how a man demonstrations is considerably more controlled by the circumstance he ends up in and very little in his temperament or the sort of an individual he is. The subjects in the examination went about as they did; they were eager to convey to convey the greatest stun, which they did. In spite of the way that they delivered the greatest stun, they were, nonetheless, furious, upset, and disturbed at the experimenter. They conveyed the most extreme stun at any rate since they were following request, which they did as far as possible. This shows the subjects went about as they did; they performed apparently vicious and excessively barbarous acts; not on the grounds that it was their temperament who they were-, but since they were comply with the guidance of the power. So also, in Kitty Genovese case, none of the 38 saw helped Kitty Genovese in spite of his various sob for help, not on the grounds that they would not like to support her or in light of the fact that they were barbarous, but since of the circumstance that they wound up in (Gansberg). This is clarified by the trial completed by John Darley and Bibb Latane, who tried to clarify the conduct of the 38 individuals who saw the severity and murder of Kitty Genovese. Darley and Latane contended that the 38 observers acted the manner in which they did as a result of the impact alluded to as dissemination of obligation. Dissemination of duty expresses that nobody is happy to help since they are for the most part believing that another person will help. Darley and Latan e discovered that the more the saw were, the all the more helping conduct diminished; the less every individual felt that it was their obligation to help (Slater 112). This accordingly debates the thought that nobody helped Kitty Genovese in light of the fact that brutality is a piece of human instinct, and the 38 observers were unfeeling. Pitilessness in itself is emotional; what others may think about savage, others may consider not coldblooded but rather an increasingly intelligent decision. As its definition recommends, brutality is an inclination that can't be characterized without being quirky. This is on the grounds that the scope of human inclination enormously varies; others might be heartless while others might be delicate. In spite of pitilessness being viewed as a component of human instinct, the rationale is to some degree imperfect since it is attached to human feelings, while it is somewhat objective. Mercilessness isn't unnatural, either; this is on the grounds that, usually individuals are unfeeling to others that they don't care for or they detest. Truth be told, a great many people act pitiless as a method for vindicating or reclaiming; something that is simply human instinct. It is contended that when a human being’s life it compromised, he can just make due by being pitiless; the adversary all things considered probably won't attempt or have the option to hurt them. In this manner, I stand up that, despite the fact that

The Age Of Jackson A Period Of American History Essay

The Age of Jackson, from the 1820 s to the 1830 s, was a period of American history full of contradictions, especially in regard to democracy. The period saw an immense increase in voter participation, nominating committees replaced caucuses, and electors began to be popularly elected. Yet, all of these voting changes affected only a minority of the American people: White, Anglo-Saxon males. So, though one can easily tell that White, Anglo-Saxon males were gaining true liberty and equality, the millions of women. Blacks, Native Americans, immigrants, and other minorities in America continued to languish in a society that ignored their rights. Furthermore, during the Age of Jackson, enslavement of Blacks, the ultimate form of inequality, was at a new high in America. At the same time, enormous disparities of wealth existed between rich merchants, industrialists and planters, and their lowly workers: immigrants. Blacks, and the common man. While these contradictions typified America, J acksonian democrats viewed themselves as guardians of the Constitution, political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of opportunity. But how could anyone be a successful guardian of these ideals while contradictions such as those previously mentioned exist? The answer is that Jackson and his followers must have been what they said they were only to a certain extent. The Jacksonian Democrats were, to some extent, champions of the Constitution, democracy, liberty, and equality.Show MoreRelatedThe Age Of Jackson s Political History1074 Words   |  5 PagesThe Age of Jackson On particular, The Age of Jackson changed America’s political history because Jackson established new precedents with the government’s relations with Indians, the issue of state and federal rights and also established a political rivalry. The Age of Jackson occurred during the time period from 1829 to 1837. During this time period, the United Stated of America was under the presidential term of Andrew Jackson. Ever since Andrew Jackson’s election, there was a complete transformationRead MoreAnalysis Of Andrew Jackson s Life And Presidency Fall Under Constant Scrutiny Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to the study of American History, we tend to focus on the favorable, nationalistic inspiring narratives. In these narratives we analyses the many presidents, assassins, or military leaders in their gain of God, glory and gold. Some people, we study, for who they are their accomplishments and achievements. We look at how they helped progress America, and in some cases, we look at how they ruined America. One former president gets the popularity of either being America’s top leader orRead MoreJacksonian Dbq1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe Age of Jackson, from the 1820s to the 1830s, was a period of American history full of contradictions, especially in regard to democracy. 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Economically, they achieved benefits from governing during a period where huge advances in transportation, which ultimately acceleratedRead MoreThe Life Of Andrew Jackson Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pages The Life of Andrew Jackson Michael J. Ford Jr. Central High School November 9, 2015 4th Period â€Æ' Abstract In my paper I while inform you of the United States 7th president Andrew Jackson. My paper consists of interesting facts about Mr. Jackson. It isn’t like what you read about in regular history books. Although some are random there fun facts that you may or may not know about my topic. The Life of Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson was born Friday March 15, 1767. 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I agree that the Jacksonian Era was a pivotal period in American History when the role of the Federal Government and the President were redefined. Many changes occurred during the Jacksonian Era like the issue of slaveryRead MoreAndrew Jackson’s ‘Era of the Common Man’ or the ‘Jacksonian Period’ (1824-1845)1100 Words   |  5 Pages Andrew Jackson’s ‘Era of the Common Man’ or the ‘Jacksonian Period’ (1824-1845) starts at his inauguration, and ends as the Civil War begins. Jackson was the first president that was not born into wealth or education, but instead made his own wealth, and taught himself up to a prime education, a ‘self-made man’, as some may say, this and his military history made him the defining figure of his age. Although, he downplayed his past successes to make him more like the ‘common man’, and appeal toRead MoreThe Power And Influence Of Gospel Music On The American Civil Rights Movement1594 Words   |  7 PagesGospel Music on the American Civil Rights Movement For centuries, Gospel music has influenced and promoted African-American social, moral and ethical values, playing an imperative role in modelling their past and future. Originating from the hardships of slavery and the strength of Christian worship, Gospel music has adapted to musical tastes through the development of a number of sub-genres, while retaining its moral and spiritual framework. Throughout its musical history, Gospel music has hadRead MoreThe Time Period Of Late Colonial And Revolutionary America1119 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the time period of late colonial and revolutionary America, change emerged with great occurrence. Society and the individuals that shaped its very being were influenced greatly by not just the land around them, but the people who came forth and represented it. From 1787 to 1861, America experienced an increased fluctuate of these particular individuals. For example Alexander Hamilton, Frederick Douglas, and Andrew Jackson. Each of those named re igned in their own quarters leaving an influential

Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe - 1359 Words

What would you sell your soul for? A question Faustus had to ask when he wanted to gain more than just knowledge. England during the 1550’s had gone through many changes with religion, leaving the people unsure of what they wanted. When Elizabeth finally claimed throne and stayed Queen for a forty- five year reign, there were stable religious changes. For an escape and way of entertainment, society would attend plays. Due to the changing events during the Elizabethan era, plays were a stress reliever for the people such as the play Doctor Faustus; written by Christopher Marlowe who was also dealing with his own religious problems symbolizing the life of Elizabethan times. England had four different rulers take the throne within a twenty year span. Henry VIII ruled in 1509, being well known for having married six wives and wanting to produce a male heir (Singman 1). Henry wanted a divorce; he asked for the pope to help him and ended in rejection. Henry was angry resulting in his passing of legislation that separated him from the Roman Catholic Church (Singman 1). After his third wife gave birth to Edward VI, she died. In 1547, after his father’s death, Edward took throne under age advised by guardians. He died before he came of age to rule on his own. (Singman 2). The next oldest child was Mary, an extreme Catholic. She reunited England with the Catholic Church; that soon changed after she died in 1558 after her short ruling (Singman 2). The outcomes of her ruling wereShow MoreRelatedEssay on Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe2013 Words   |  9 PagesDoctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe Elizabeth I came to the throne of England during a time of intense religious turmoil and political uncertainty. By the end of her reign, England stood as the first officially Protestant nation in Europe; however, tensions between Protestants and the repressed Catholic minority continued to plague the nation. 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Although this was a time of change, the Elizabethans still had fixed moral values. ‘The Chain of Being,’ a concept inherited from the Middle Ages, can be described as a hierarchy of society, with the monarch at the top andRead MoreComparison Between Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeares Twelfth Night872 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus versus William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Both Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeares Twelfth Night deploy many of the same characteristic rhetorical features of 16th century verse dramas. Both plays are characterized by highly elaborate language, usually in iambic pentameter, although different types of verse structures are occasionally used to convey different moods or character types. Both plays combine tragedy and comedy within the

My Experience At Hair Savvy Hair And Nail Salon - 1107 Words

The entrepreneur I interviewed was, Dehra Battle. She is the owner and stylist at Hair Savvy Hair and Nail Salon. The salon opened up on the Spring of 2010. I have known Dehra for the past 10 years. She has been my personal hair stylist for the last 10 years. Being a close family friend, I have witnessed her trials and tribulations with being an entrepreneur. I choose Dehra, because she is a wonderful and hard working woman; she has a passion for helping others with self esteem by creating signature styles that will give any woman the confidence. Dehra was not satisfied with working under a salon owner who was not concerned about the workers safety and customer satisfaction. She wanted to be in control and create an environment that customers would love to attend regularly. Her personal background played a tremendous part of her in her desire of becoming an entrepreneur. Dehra’s mother was a nail tech part time for a the majority of her childhood. 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JOhn Lewis environment forces free essay sample

John Lewis, one of subsidiaries of John Lewis Partnership (JLP), launched its first store in London’s Oxford Street in 1864. The company then has implemented the organic grown approach, pursuing a dynamic business and corporate strategy. It has been successful by making the right strategic decisions thorough effective operation (O’Regan and Ghobadian, 2012). By 2012, the firm becomes the largest multichannel department store retailer in the UK, with 30 department stores and 9 John Lewis at home, providing Fashion, Home, Electronic products and Home Technology assortment. It publicised that profit before tax in 2012 was ? 15. 8 million, almost triple of that a decade ago (John Lewis plc interim report, 2012). However, success cannot only be measured in term of finance, but also in term of stakeholders’ happiness. John Lewis achieved Britain’s Favourite Retailer Awards for the fourth consecutive year in 2011 and many other awards. This paper is about to use environmental forces to explain the achievements of John Lewis over 150 years. The work contains mainly three parts: macro-environmental force focusing on four points, then moving to two elements in micro-environment and conclusion. Macro-environmental forces Macro-environment is also known as external environment which affects business decision in various ways and which can impinge not only on the transformation of the firm, but also on the process of resources acquisition and on the creation and consumption of output (Worthington and Britton, 2009). These forces can shape and moderate the behaviour of all stakeholders in the market including competitors, suppliers, customers and employees. The macro forces are often organised into political/legal, economic, ecological/physical, social/cultural and technology (Kotler et al. , 2010, p. 154). In order to clarify its influence effectively, the economists arrange them into few models such as PESTEL, DEEPLIST. This paper will apply the PEST model to consider: Political, Economic, Social-cultural and Technology impacts on the success of John Lewis. Political and Legal In order to predict and achieve economic objectives, the government attempts to have some control over business environment. To recover the economy from the recession, the Bank of England has historically set up the interest rate at less than 2% since 2008. It aims to persuade consumers that saving money is less attractive as less interest is received and it also reduce the payment on mortgages and other loans. Homeowners, hence, have more discretionary income, resulting in spending on other consumer goods (Bain, 2009). Moreover, the low rate which means little in return, will increase consumer confidence in purchasing because cost of goods bought in credit is poorer. Although the majority products in John Lewis are highly income elasticity like electrical and furniture goods which are more expensive comparing to them of other retailers such as Debenhams, the low interest boosted the sales of the stores, thus greatly help performing during the recession. The electrical and home technological sales in John Lewis rose up by 13% in 2009, mostly from TV sales (Bain, 2009). Since 2012, British government has encouraged companies to practice Employee Share Ownership Plan (ESOP) which is giving shares to employees with the aim of urging motivation, thus growing and improving productivity (BBC News, 2012a). This strategy has been already practiced by Sir John Spedan Lewis, founder of JLP, many years ago and present as a unique figure of JLP. The declaration of Nick Clegg, Deputy Minister of Britain, of JLP as a typical example of excellent employee owned company that is having a great performance and contribution towards the UK economy, has been again strengthened. Since government mention of JLP as a successful model of ESOP, it can augment the reputation of the Partnership. In term of specific effects on John Lewis Department Store, this honour is an enormous promotion on national level, so enabling to maintain customer’s loyalty and attract more potential customers which will benefit its long term growth. Economics The financial crisis in 2008 caused the failure for many companies across many countries in the world, including the UK. However, the very low interest rate, mentioned above, helped John Lewis to survive because the low rate will increase business confidence, hence more investments are made. This is because the returns on the future strategies seem to exceed interest payments that have to be made on borrowed funds. For instance, with the ? 6 million for 6-week TV advertising campaign, the company was able to succeed even in the recession as its gross sales increased by 2. 8% during the campaign. Helping the company survive and expand, a new department store in Cardiff represents John Lewis’s solid position even during the harsh economic environment (John Lewis Partnership annual report and accounts). Moreover, United Kingdom is one of the countries which have high GDP in the world, with the GDP in 2011 of $2. 4 trillion and $37,100 per capita (Central Intelligence Agency 2012). Therefore, it confirms that UK market with its strong purchasing power and living standard creates advantages for every business, particularly in retail sector. Strong purchasing power will increase demand for goods and services in the market, thus the firm can use this advantages to enlarge profitability (Gerth and Kotler, 1999). For that reason, John Lewis is able to benefit from purchasing power in order to produce more sales and increase the profit. In addition, John Lewis’s products are a little higher in price because of its quality, however, it still has ability to make up their price to maximise the profit and compete with other firms. It is because the high income and living standard allow people to have more money in their budget, hence for customers easily accepting a small change in price. As a result, with competitive pricing, total sales at John Lewis rose 6. 7% and 21% rise in operating profit in 2009 (Gordon, 2010). Socio-cultural The success in children sales are affected by the demographic change in the UK, including population and age structure. The population in Britain has been growing constantly over the decade, reaching approximately 63. 2 million in 2011, 4 million more than recorded in 2001 (BBC News, 2012a). This, in turn affects John Lewis toys, nursery and baby sales that soared to 10. 3% in 2012 as John Lewis is famous for its distinct children game, Lego (Holland, 2012). According to a recent BBC News, in 2011 the number of babies born in England was the highest since 1971, expecting another record-breaking in 2012 (BBC News, 2013). Other statistics from BBC News (2012c) displayed that there has been a rise in life expectancy in the UK with 16. 4% of people over aged 65, the highest record in any census, due to high living standard. A research claims that mature people tend to spend more on their grandchildren rather than on them and less on luxury goods (Access economics, 2001). Hence, it is highly proved that the more born babies and high ageing population will lead to greater demand for children’s products such as toys, hence increasing sales on John Lewis in general. On the other hand, lifestyle can clearly affect people’s attitudes and behaviours (Worthington and Britton, 2009, p. 144). The prevalence of internet creates a new lifestyle in which people embrace social networks to communicate. Understanding the rapid spreading ‘culture’ social networks such as Facebook and Twitter in community, John Lewis has leveraged them to catch up with new trend, hence keep in touch with customers. After launching John Lewis’s Facebook page in 2010, today it has nearly 400,000 followers (The Marketing Society, 2013). With such a huge amount of people connecting with the firm, the networks can be used for marketing purpose which is vastly cost-effective instead of other advertising tools. John Lewis, for example, is able to inform its followers easily about promotion and sale period, hoping to encourage sale. Technology The emergence of the internet supports firms to build and maintain customer relationship by online activities which may assist the exchange of ideas, products and services (Mohammed et al. , 2001 cited by Gay et al. 2007, p. 6). Nowadays, people are busier so in-store shopping is less and less attractive or they do not want to be in the multitude during peak times such as Christmas. Online shopping, which can substitute the traditional method, can help buyers to purchase at anytime and anywhere. Therefore, with the convenience, johnlewis. com is an important element of John Lewis’s success. There was just 27. 2% increased sales, compared to that in 2010, on johnlewis. com, accounting for 19% of total in 2011 while the online sales rose by 40% in 2012, accounting for 25% of total company revenue (John Lewis plc interim report 2011, p. 6 and 2012, p. 6). These figures express a significant improvement of online sales for the previous two years. The John Lewis website, additionally, provides all information about products such as price, usage introduction, so it is not necessary for customers to visit stores for advice thus saving time. It achieved the â€Å"Best Online Retail† of 2010 conducted by Verdict Research (John Lewis), hence strengthening the image. Micro-environmental forces Opposing to macro environment, micro-environmental forces are closer to the business and impact directly on its operation. These forces usually consist of employees, customers, suppliers and distributors (Worthington and Britton, 2009). Among those, stakeholders such as employees and customers have played important roles in the success of John Lewis. Knowing that employee, who will deliver products and services to customers, is one of the most crucial factors that influence the victory of the company so John Lewis has applied the ESOP for long time growth, emphasising that employees are its partners. In 2011, when the high revenue was still suffering by the recession’s effects, John Lewis staffs received 17% share of profit, which was equivalent to an approximate payment of nine weeks (The Guardian, 2012). A survey conducted by Bryson and Freeman (2010) implies that many employees desire some forms of ownership in the company where they work, thus this benefit will increase employee loyalty and enthusiasm to work harder. Since employees are also the owners, hence if they are more responsible and dedicated to the jobs, the business not only can increase profitability, but also is able to receive more dividends. Although ESOP may reduce the retained profit of the firm, it helps John Lewis to grow further in long term prospect. Moreover, the loyal customer base is considered as a main contributor to John Lewis’s achievement. Throughout years, John Lewis has gradually become a trusted brand to its customers. The over 88 years motto â€Å"Never Knowingly Undersold† which claims to provide the lowest price comparing to other high street competitors, has recently been altered its promise to match with the warranty service offered by the John Lewis (The Telegraph, 2011). It means the price which John Lewis offers is higher than some other retailers. However, it seems to not have much effect on John Lewis as consumers are looking for a reliable brand, not just cheapest price and they also believe in the value of the firm. Therefore, people are willing to pay more at the Department due to its high quality and outstanding services. This is the reason why John Lewis could perform well during recession, while other competitors, for example, Debenhams and BHS seemed to choose other inadequate solutions such as loss-leader, hence suffering loss (Wood, 2011). Conclusion John Lewis Department Store is executing perfectly with micro and macro environmental forces. This is proved by its survival over recession and the favourable financial statement provided by the firm over many years. The success is reasoned to John Lewis effective management by making the right decisions and comprehending the importance of environmental factors such as the emergence of shopping online. Furthermore, its value in quality from products to services has built a strongly recognized brand to customers, thus becoming the leader in UK retail market. However, the environment forces are very capricious so John Lewis has to be always cautious and be prepared for any contingency plans in order to preserve its prestige in the future.

Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Example

Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Outline and evaluate the use of one qualitative method in the academic study of sport Denzin and Lincoln (2000a) believe that qualitative research is guided by 3 principles: assumptions, values and beliefs. These work against, alongside or within positivist and post-positivist models. Quantitative research is the use of numerical measurements and analysis that involves measurable ‘quantities’ by Gratton and Jones (2004). Quantitative data is collected through closed questions as it is in place to provide facts. While qualitative data, on the other hand, predominantly uses open styled questions to gain more information through follow up questions, extensive answers and debates. There are many differences between the two paradigms with the researcher being objective, and ‘detached’ from the subject under investigation within quantitative data said by Gratton and Jones (2004). Moreover, qualitative research is rather the opposite, with the researcher being in place to gather more information from the participants in question. In addition to the previous, Morse, Swanson and Kuezel (2001) believe a quantitative research requires the researcher to carefully define variables that may be quantified with numbers. On the other hand, qualitative research is a more holistic perspective rather than a hypothesis confirmation. Berg and Latin (2008) believe qualitative research allows an open-ended and flexible approach to assessment. Within the qualitative paradigm there are several different data collection methods such as open questionnaires, interviews, observation, visual and textual analysis. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I will be outlining and evaluating the use of interviews within the academic study of sport; this will be focused mainly on focus groups. Culver (2003) states that interviews are undoubtedly the most common method for collecting qualitative data within the study of sport. Pettigrew (1990) and Pettus (2001) also state ‘interviews offer a depth of information that permits the detailed exploration of particular issues in a way not possible with other forms of data collection’. Within this type of research method there are 4 different types of interviews; structured, semi-structured, unstructured and focus group. Structured interviews are face-to-face (researcher participant), consist of closed and pre-determined questions in addition to the structure being formal. Semi-structured interviews can be altered so that the participant(s) in question can ether clarify or elaborate on a particular topic/statement. The approach to data collection is flexible, with probes being used to gather additional information. Unstructured interviews have a set theme with the respondent leading the interview. The questions are developed throughout, as they are not pre-determined. These questions are open and flexible. A negative point to this interview structure is that there’s a chance the interview will lack focus. Focus groups lean towards being semi-structured with a discussion thesis being used within an open environment; focus groups consist of more than one person. John Amis (2005) believes ‘focus groups allow members to challenge each other, develop positions of consensus, and build on each other’s ideas’. In addition to this previous statement, Gratton and Jones (2004) believe that this can become a negative point if the researcher doesn’t keep the participants on topic, stating that ‘participants may be tempted to provide false data to make an impression upon others in the group’. This can be potentially avoided if you use either a random, or stratified random sample which has a divided population. Furthermore these participants won’t know one another. Within focus groups there is a large quantity of strengths; participants are able to elaborate on the particular subject(s) especially when the researcher uses probes. In conjunction to this Yin (1994) notes that the interviewer ‘provides perceived casual inferences’ from the actor’s, rather than the researcher’s point of view. As a focus group is generally unstructured or semi-structured it enables participants to reveal certain insight into their attitudes and behaviours in addition to important themes and unexpected data to emerge, Gratton and Jones (2010). Focus groups are more flexible as you can also gain visual and vocal information; for example body language, laughter, silence or careful consideration, their tone of voice, or even simply what particular participants are saying. This can lead to the researcher probing as certain participants will be more passionate about certain themes/topics. Moreover you are able to gain a relationship with your participants, which can lead to them being more open and true to the information they give within the group. In conjunction with this, participants are informed that everything discussed is kept confidential, therefore this will relax and ease participants so they’re able to engage fully within the discussions. Interviews require more resources in comparison to questionnaires. This could be in terms of time consumption or travelling, as a consequence resulting samples can be small, Gratton and Jones (2010). Particular participants could take control of the interview therefore becoming dominant; researchers must then put particular probes into practice ensuring other group members get involved to gain a more diverse collection of data. On the other hand, participants could find focus group environments intimidating and/or off-putting; which can lead to the participant(s) in question feeling under pressure to agree with the dominant participant. Evalued[online]) Analysing data can also be difficult in addition to recording the interview. John Amis (2005) states that it is irrespective of the type of interview, that the way data is recorded should be established prior and it is standard procedure to record the interview on audio tape. The researcher must also ensure that the data gathered is reliable. Gratton and Jones (2004) believe that this can be represen ted with the equation; ‘reliability = number of agreements/(number of agreements + disagreements)’. Psychological Qualities of Elite Adolescent Rugby Players is a research study extension on Holland and colleagues’ (2010) study into required psychological qualities of young talented rugby players, Woodcock et al (2011). Focus groups were completed following Kruger and Casey’s (2000) recommended size of 6 to 8 participants, ensuring that you don’t exceed 10. One group broke this guideline with 2 participants participating within SAS (Sports Administration Staff), which could hinder studied data with the chance of agreement being likely and information being limited. Stewart, Shamdasani, and Rook (2007) warn that fewer than eight participants can lead to a narrow discussion biased toward the views of a few individuals. Focus groups were held in familiar and comforting environments in addition to neutral locations for parents, which was in place to make participants feel more at ease. The focus group was semi-structured with the moderator using probes to gain a more in-depth insight into their views and beliefs. Furthermore the moderator gained a relationship with the participants on entry so that they’d feel comfortable along with this method aiding them to participate within group discussions. Through using focus groups Woodcock et al (2011) founded 5 new subgroups within the 11 higher order themes identified by young players in Holland et al, (2010). These 5 subthemes were: off pitch communication, reflection on their abilities in an objective manner, taking information and reproducing it as a physical action, dealing with injuries as well as attitude towards injuries and that players need to be problem solvers, able to adapt and overcome challenges. Parents and coaches supported development of individuals, not just in their rugby involvement but within other areas of life. Furthermore they discussed interactions that reinforced development within professional and performance environments. SAS highlighted within the study that the under-16 rugby programme was designed specifically to gradually challenge players and foster development of certain psychological qualities Woodcock et al (2011). This focus group helped gain further knowledge and insight within the psychological side of elite adolescent rugby players. Furthermore the ways in which parents, coaches and the SAS develop these players’ psychological in general day to day environments. A large majority of the research gathered corresponds Holland and colleagues (2010) study. Gender perception of Wrestling is a case study in place to gain research on whether or not wrestling is a sport primarily for male athletes. This focus group consist of eight participants from both genders (stratified random sample), which was also semi-structured. Sports managers and administrators for wrestling are presented with the opportunity to encourage women to take part. For this to take place sports managers and/or administrators need to understand how women perceive the sport. Pfister, (2010) and Ward, (2010) state that there is a growing number of women participating in sports with some women competing successfully in traditionally masculine sports. Data collected from the focus group was substantial, with views from each gender being different; this therefore made the study stand out more due to its hypothesis. The focus group underlined that they perceived wrestling to be more violent than other sports such as judo and taekwondo as self-defence wasn’t an explicit objective, Leng (2012). Participants also reviewed the physical attributes of a wrestler, as of this they clearly stated wrestling was a sport for athletes who possess more physical attributes. Moreover, participants didn’t regard wrestling as a sport favouring the participation of a particular gender. To conclude this case study qualitative data collected via participants within the focus group were views which outlined gender beliefs. It is clear to see that focus groups are irreplaceable when accumulating qualitative research data within the academic study of sport. Gibbs (1997) states that the purpose of focus group research is to draw upon respondents’ attitudes, feelings, beliefs, experiences and reactions. Focus groups gather a whole source of information that cannot be obtained without debates and different views. When structured correctly the researcher is able to gain rich data that he can then press forward to ether make changes or put different methods in practice. Focus groups are best used when gaining data on something meaningful to the participants and/or collecting data for something that affects a large majority of people. Something else gathered from this is that when the moderator/research gains a relationship with the participant it is easier to gain more in-depth information. Bibliography †¢ Andrews, D. L. , Mason, D. S. and Silk, M. L. (2005) Qualitative Data in Sports Studies. New York: Berg. †¢ Berg, K. E and Latin, R. W. (2008) Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Research (3rd Edition). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. †¢ Gratton, C. and Jones, I. (2004) Research Methods of Sports Studies (1st Edition). London: Routledge. †¢ Gratton, C. and Jones, I (2006) Research Methods of Sports Studies (2nd Edition). Oxon: Routledge. †¢ Woodcock, C. , Holland, M. J. G. , Duda, J. L, and Cumming, J. 2011) Psychological Qualities of Elite Adolescent Rugby Players: Parents, Coaches, and Sport Administration Staff Perceptions and Supporting Roles. The Sport Psychologist, 25, 411-433. †¢ Leng, H. K. ; Kang, S. Y. ; Lim, C. ; Lit, J. J. ; Suhaimi, N. I. ; Umar, Y. (2012) Only For Males: Gendered Perception of Wrestling. Choregia, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p43. †¢ Gibbs, A. (1997) Social Research Update, Issue 19 [online]. Available: http://sru. s oc. surrey. ac. uk/SRU19. html [8th November 2012] †¢ Evalued (2006) Focus Groups [online]. Available: http://www. evalued. bcu. ac. uk/tutorial/4b. htm [ 8th November 2012] Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Example Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Outline and evaluate the use of one qualitative method in the academic study of sport Denzin and Lincoln (2000a) believe that qualitative research is guided by 3 principles: assumptions, values and beliefs. These work against, alongside or within positivist and post-positivist models. Quantitative research is the use of numerical measurements and analysis that involves measurable ‘quantities’ by Gratton and Jones (2004). Quantitative data is collected through closed questions as it is in place to provide facts. While qualitative data, on the other hand, predominantly uses open styled questions to gain more information through follow up questions, extensive answers and debates. There are many differences between the two paradigms with the researcher being objective, and ‘detached’ from the subject under investigation within quantitative data said by Gratton and Jones (2004). Moreover, qualitative research is rather the opposite, with the researcher being in place to gather more information from the participants in question. In addition to the previous, Morse, Swanson and Kuezel (2001) believe a quantitative research requires the researcher to carefully define variables that may be quantified with numbers. On the other hand, qualitative research is a more holistic perspective rather than a hypothesis confirmation. Berg and Latin (2008) believe qualitative research allows an open-ended and flexible approach to assessment. Within the qualitative paradigm there are several different data collection methods such as open questionnaires, interviews, observation, visual and textual analysis. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I will be outlining and evaluating the use of interviews within the academic study of sport; this will be focused mainly on focus groups. Culver (2003) states that interviews are undoubtedly the most common method for collecting qualitative data within the study of sport. Pettigrew (1990) and Pettus (2001) also state ‘interviews offer a depth of information that permits the detailed exploration of particular issues in a way not possible with other forms of data collection’. Within this type of research method there are 4 different types of interviews; structured, semi-structured, unstructured and focus group. Structured interviews are face-to-face (researcher participant), consist of closed and pre-determined questions in addition to the structure being formal. Semi-structured interviews can be altered so that the participant(s) in question can ether clarify or elaborate on a particular topic/statement. The approach to data collection is flexible, with probes being used to gather additional information. Unstructured interviews have a set theme with the respondent leading the interview. The questions are developed throughout, as they are not pre-determined. These questions are open and flexible. A negative point to this interview structure is that there’s a chance the interview will lack focus. Focus groups lean towards being semi-structured with a discussion thesis being used within an open environment; focus groups consist of more than one person. John Amis (2005) believes ‘focus groups allow members to challenge each other, develop positions of consensus, and build on each other’s ideas’. In addition to this previous statement, Gratton and Jones (2004) believe that this can become a negative point if the researcher doesn’t keep the participants on topic, stating that ‘participants may be tempted to provide false data to make an impression upon others in the group’. This can be potentially avoided if you use either a random, or stratified random sample which has a divided population. Furthermore these participants won’t know one another. Within focus groups there is a large quantity of strengths; participants are able to elaborate on the particular subject(s) especially when the researcher uses probes. In conjunction to this Yin (1994) notes that the interviewer ‘provides perceived casual inferences’ from the actor’s, rather than the researcher’s point of view. As a focus group is generally unstructured or semi-structured it enables participants to reveal certain insight into their attitudes and behaviours in addition to important themes and unexpected data to emerge, Gratton and Jones (2010). Focus groups are more flexible as you can also gain visual and vocal information; for example body language, laughter, silence or careful consideration, their tone of voice, or even simply what particular participants are saying. This can lead to the researcher probing as certain participants will be more passionate about certain themes/topics. Moreover you are able to gain a relationship with your participants, which can lead to them being more open and true to the information they give within the group. In conjunction with this, participants are informed that everything discussed is kept confidential, therefore this will relax and ease participants so they’re able to engage fully within the discussions. Interviews require more resources in comparison to questionnaires. This could be in terms of time consumption or travelling, as a consequence resulting samples can be small, Gratton and Jones (2010). Particular participants could take control of the interview therefore becoming dominant; researchers must then put particular probes into practice ensuring other group members get involved to gain a more diverse collection of data. On the other hand, participants could find focus group environments intimidating and/or off-putting; which can lead to the participant(s) in question feeling under pressure to agree with the dominant participant. Evalued[online]) Analysing data can also be difficult in addition to recording the interview. John Amis (2005) states that it is irrespective of the type of interview, that the way data is recorded should be established prior and it is standard procedure to record the interview on audio tape. The researcher must also ensure that the data gathered is reliable. Gratton and Jones (2004) believe that this can be represen ted with the equation; ‘reliability = number of agreements/(number of agreements + disagreements)’. Psychological Qualities of Elite Adolescent Rugby Players is a research study extension on Holland and colleagues’ (2010) study into required psychological qualities of young talented rugby players, Woodcock et al (2011). Focus groups were completed following Kruger and Casey’s (2000) recommended size of 6 to 8 participants, ensuring that you don’t exceed 10. One group broke this guideline with 2 participants participating within SAS (Sports Administration Staff), which could hinder studied data with the chance of agreement being likely and information being limited. Stewart, Shamdasani, and Rook (2007) warn that fewer than eight participants can lead to a narrow discussion biased toward the views of a few individuals. Focus groups were held in familiar and comforting environments in addition to neutral locations for parents, which was in place to make participants feel more at ease. The focus group was semi-structured with the moderator using probes to gain a more in-depth insight into their views and beliefs. Furthermore the moderator gained a relationship with the participants on entry so that they’d feel comfortable along with this method aiding them to participate within group discussions. Through using focus groups Woodcock et al (2011) founded 5 new subgroups within the 11 higher order themes identified by young players in Holland et al, (2010). These 5 subthemes were: off pitch communication, reflection on their abilities in an objective manner, taking information and reproducing it as a physical action, dealing with injuries as well as attitude towards injuries and that players need to be problem solvers, able to adapt and overcome challenges. Parents and coaches supported development of individuals, not just in their rugby involvement but within other areas of life. Furthermore they discussed interactions that reinforced development within professional and performance environments. SAS highlighted within the study that the under-16 rugby programme was designed specifically to gradually challenge players and foster development of certain psychological qualities Woodcock et al (2011). This focus group helped gain further knowledge and insight within the psychological side of elite adolescent rugby players. Furthermore the ways in which parents, coaches and the SAS develop these players’ psychological in general day to day environments. A large majority of the research gathered corresponds Holland and colleagues (2010) study. Gender perception of Wrestling is a case study in place to gain research on whether or not wrestling is a sport primarily for male athletes. This focus group consist of eight participants from both genders (stratified random sample), which was also semi-structured. Sports managers and administrators for wrestling are presented with the opportunity to encourage women to take part. For this to take place sports managers and/or administrators need to understand how women perceive the sport. Pfister, (2010) and Ward, (2010) state that there is a growing number of women participating in sports with some women competing successfully in traditionally masculine sports. Data collected from the focus group was substantial, with views from each gender being different; this therefore made the study stand out more due to its hypothesis. The focus group underlined that they perceived wrestling to be more violent than other sports such as judo and taekwondo as self-defence wasn’t an explicit objective, Leng (2012). Participants also reviewed the physical attributes of a wrestler, as of this they clearly stated wrestling was a sport for athletes who possess more physical attributes. Moreover, participants didn’t regard wrestling as a sport favouring the participation of a particular gender. To conclude this case study qualitative data collected via participants within the focus group were views which outlined gender beliefs. It is clear to see that focus groups are irreplaceable when accumulating qualitative research data within the academic study of sport. Gibbs (1997) states that the purpose of focus group research is to draw upon respondents’ attitudes, feelings, beliefs, experiences and reactions. Focus groups gather a whole source of information that cannot be obtained without debates and different views. When structured correctly the researcher is able to gain rich data that he can then press forward to ether make changes or put different methods in practice. Focus groups are best used when gaining data on something meaningful to the participants and/or collecting data for something that affects a large majority of people. Something else gathered from this is that when the moderator/research gains a relationship with the participant it is easier to gain more in-depth information. Bibliography †¢ Andrews, D. L. , Mason, D. S. and Silk, M. L. (2005) Qualitative Data in Sports Studies. New York: Berg. †¢ Berg, K. E and Latin, R. W. (2008) Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Research (3rd Edition). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. †¢ Gratton, C. and Jones, I. (2004) Research Methods of Sports Studies (1st Edition). London: Routledge. †¢ Gratton, C. and Jones, I (2006) Research Methods of Sports Studies (2nd Edition). Oxon: Routledge. †¢ Woodcock, C. , Holland, M. J. G. , Duda, J. L, and Cumming, J. 2011) Psychological Qualities of Elite Adolescent Rugby Players: Parents, Coaches, and Sport Administration Staff Perceptions and Supporting Roles. The Sport Psychologist, 25, 411-433. †¢ Leng, H. K. ; Kang, S. Y. ; Lim, C. ; Lit, J. J. ; Suhaimi, N. I. ; Umar, Y. (2012) Only For Males: Gendered Perception of Wrestling. Choregia, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p43. †¢ Gibbs, A. (1997) Social Research Update, Issue 19 [online]. Available: http://sru. s oc. surrey. ac. uk/SRU19. html [8th November 2012] †¢ Evalued (2006) Focus Groups [online]. Available: http://www. evalued. bcu. ac. uk/tutorial/4b. htm [ 8th November 2012]

THE CONCERT essays

THE CONCERT essays I got early just as the teacher had told us to do I thought it was going to be a concert with pianos and great orchestras, but to my surprise when I saw the plan and took a look at it the first thing that I saw was the name of theChamber Ensembles? being a little bit early to the concert that gave the extra time that I needed to prepare myself for the concert. I was a little bit nervous, because I have never in my life been in a concert I have been to a lot of battle of the bands and all that kind of concerts, the concert was about to start so I got my paper and pen ready to take notes. The first piece was RicercarFa? From motteta trium vocum just by looking at the time that this piece was wrote it came to my mind that it was going to be a Baroque concerto but then again it was a little bit early to be in the baroque era, so it had to be renaissance era. This was a piece that I thought I have heard before it reminded me of a movie that I don't recall the title but it was about some Irish person I don't remember well enough, the piece was over and the audience response to this interpretation was enthusiastic. Everything was going swell the music that was play by the trio was smooth this gave a sense of relaxation in the audience even me, being a little bit sick with cold but the sound of the music relax me. I remember that one of the girl left her flute on the stand and I was wandering what she was about to do she stands up and the next piece begins and she begins to sing along in like with a virtuosos voice and the response to the end of the piece was a big applau se from the audience to the performers. This was the en of the UTB/TSC Early Music Recorder Ensemble. It was the time for the guitars to take stage the audience was not so silent I saw two men putting seven chairs on the stage so I came to the conclusion that there were going to be seven guitarist playing together, I got excited being a guitar player myself. The Guitar...

M4A2 Leadership and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

M4A2 Leadership and Ethics - Essay Example Given the constraints on time, three members of the Executive Committee of TESCO were interviewed. These members were Laurie McIlwee, Matt Atkinson and Alison Horner. Laurie McIlwee serves as TESCO’s Chief Financial Officer, a highly critical position for any business operation in the modern economy. McIlwee has a well rounded career with sizable foreign exposure in the United States, Middle East, Central Europe and the United Kingdom. The interviewee was chosen for his decision making proximity to Clarke. Matt Atkinson currently serves as TESCO’s Chief Marketing Officer and presents a diverse career ranging from service in Asia to the United Kingdom. Atkinson is in constant contact with Clarke, especially in order to deal with any ethical controversies that may arise out of the group’s actions. Alison Horner is currently serving as TESCO’s Group Personnel Director with her initial joining in 1999 as a Personnel Manager in TESCO. Horner has witnessed the g rowth of Clarke over the years from his previous positions to the current position of Group Chief Executive. 1. Describe the ethical issue faced by the organization and explain how your chosen leader handled it. Do you agree with the individual's strategies for resolving the issue? TESCO is one of the United Kingdom’s largest retail operations and has found itself in various ethical dilemmas over time. It has been argued that TESCO has developed a supply chain network that forces other competitors to the ground and does not allow new competition to enter the market. The allegations were investigated by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) but the possibility of TESCO’s monopoly was rebuked although there were concerns of TESCO’s large footprint in the industry (Office of Fair Trading, 2006). The organization’s leader allowed an investigation to take place without using any political influence or other forms of coercion. The investigation was carried out throu ghout the United Kingdom for all major retailers. The organizational leader ensured that all and any kind of information requested for the investigation was provided impromptu. In addition, TESCO has come under fire time and again for using suppliers exploiting cheap Bengali labor. TESCO’s suppliers are using labor that is paid roughly five pence every hour for an eighty hour week without any perks or benefits on the job (Ramesh, 2006). The allegations were not merely restricted to TESCO but to all major retailers operating in the United Kingdom (Label, 2006). In response to allegations of labor exploitation, TESCO’s leadership responded by stating that their suppliers were meeting the minimum national standards enforced in Bangladesh. The organization’s leader opined that all legal rules and guidelines were being met by both TESCO and its suppliers in Bangladesh so it did not make any sense to call these transactions as unethical. Moreover, the organizational l eader held that TESCO was providing jobs for millions in Bangladesh which was aiding poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. Criticism has also been diverted towards TESCO on the issue of misleading price cuts projected through misleading advertisements. In order to bolster sales, TESCO reduced prices on unpopular items and slightly increased prices on popular items but advertised the overall sale as being uniform for all goods. In addition, TESCO’s buy one and get one free offers are speculated to increase wastage with special emphasis on food

Gay Marriage and its Legalities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gay Marriage and its Legalities - Essay Example For proponents of the human rights issue, the matter would appear to be rather open and shut in terms of challenging constitutionality and this issue impacts decision-making at the social level, even if this practice is discouraged in the rule of law. This division seems to maintain the gay marriage and its constitutionality while this divisional approach exists. â€Å"Consistent with the rule of law, however, the Department of Justice has long followed the practice of defending federal statutes as long as reasonable arguments can be made in support of their constitutionality, even if the Department disagrees with a particular statute as a policy matter, as it does here." (lawlib.state.ma.us, 2). In defense of those who uphold the constitution as a foundation on which to mold new social policy, leadership recognizes that policy on gay marriage stands and will remain defended providing there are no significant grounds on which to proclaim the act unconstitutional. Federal support for the program without claims of unconstitutionality put this issue much into state-level hands, with federal level support in the objective if the goal is to uphold this civil rights matter. The mid-tier court system that governs and shapes these policies is currently made up of very conservative judges and a blend of more liberal decision-makers (Chemerinsky, 3). Division at this level and lack of solid ground on which to claim opportunity for repealing federal policy halts the progress of ensuring adequate legal protection for gay marriage. Under this system, challenges to decisions made at the district level are put forward to the Supreme Court in the pursuit of discretionary review. In general, gay marriage will likely be decided at the highest levels of judicial scrutiny providing that a resolution (either for or against) is determined at the inferior levels of justice. States that allow gay marriage include California, though its momentum is continuously challenged.  

Chemistry Energy Levels Essay Example for Free

Chemistry Energy Levels Essay The energy of the subshell increases as follows:4slt;4plt;4dlt;4f * â€Å"4s† has the greatest probability of being close to the nucleus * Subshells are limited to # of electrons they can hold ( 2 electrons per orbital) s=21s orbital d=105d orbital p=63p orbitals f=147f orbitals Assessment * How many p subshells are in the 4th energy level (n=4)? 34px 4py 4pz * What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4p subshell? each p subshell can hold 2 electrons and therefore there are 3p orbitals with 2 electrons * What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4th energy 322n2=2(4)2 =2(16) =32 Creating Energy Level Diagrams * Used to show the relative energies of electrons in various orbitals under normal conditions * Each orbital is indicated by a separate circle/square * All orbitals of a given subshell have the same energy. Ie. The 3p orbitals in the 3p sublevels have the same energy * The spacing between successive subshells decreases as the number of subshells increases overlapping of shells having different values of n. Assessment 1. How many d orbitals exist? 5 2. How many electrons can exist in the 3d orbitals? 10-2 in each of the 5d orbitals 3. How many electrons can exist in the n=2 level? 8-remember 2n2=2(2)2=8 4. How many electrons can one 4f orbital hold? 14-2 in each of the 7f orbitals 5. Which has a higher energy a px, py, or pz orbital? They all have the same energy. 6. Which electron can be found furthest from the nucleus:2s or 3s? 3s electrons 7. Which electrons can be found furthest from the nucleus:2s or 2p. 2p is further. Fig. 3. 19 Arrow Orbital Notation Aka Orbital Diagrams * Use circles or squares for the orbitals and arrows for the electrons * RULES: * The Aufbau Principal- electrons will occupy lowest available energy level * Pauli Exclusion Principal- no two electrons have the same quantum numbers * Hund’s Rule – electrons remain unpaired for as long as possible. Ex: One electrons goes in each Px, Py, Pz, before they start to pair up Fig 3. 21 Electron Configuration Provides the same information as an energy level diagram but in a more concise format. * Li: 1s2 2s1 C:1s2 2s2 2p2 * Ne: 1s2 2s2 2p? Use the following concept map to help to determine the filling order of the orbitals: * The similarity among elements within groups and the structure of the periodic table can be explained by electron configuration * Li: 1s2 2s1 * Na: 1s2 2s2 2p? 3s1 Short Hand Notation -Use symbol of noble gas with the same core electron configuration: Ex. Na [1s2 2s2 2p? ]3s1 Or [Ne] 3s1 Some unexpected Electron Configuration * Example: Cru and Cu Expected Actual Cr: [Ar] 4s2 3d? [Ar] 4s1 3d? Cu: [Ar] 4s2 3d? [Ar] 4s1 3d10 In each case, an electron is borrowed from the 4s subshell and placed in the 3d subshell. * Cr-3d subshell becomes half-filled * Cu-3d subshell becomes full * Half-filled and fully filled subshells tend to be more stable * Other expectations: Ag: [Kr] 4s2 3d10 Au: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 Explaining Ion Charges * Remember s electrons are lost before d electrons when dealing with transition metals. Ex1. Zn Zn: [Ar] 4s2 3d10 Zn2+: [Ar] 3d10 (4s electrons are lost so that the 3d orbital remains full) Ex2. Pb Pb: [Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2 Pb2+: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6p2 (The 6s electrons are lost) Pb4+: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 (The 6p electrons are lost as well as the 6s electrons) Quantum Numbers * Electron waves (orbitals) can be characterized by a set quantum numbers, n, l, ml, ms Principle quantum number (n): * Identifies the energy of an electron in an orbital * All orbitals that have the same value of n are said to be in the same shell * Range from n=1 to n=infinity * Determines the size of the electron wave how far the wave extends from the nucleus * As n increases the energies of the orbitals also increase Secondary quantum number (l): Divides the shells into smaller groups called subshells * n determines the values of l * for any given n, l may range from l=0 to l=n-1 * identifies the shape of the orbital Value of l| 0| 1| 2| 3| Letter designation| s(shape)| p(principle)| d(diffuse)| f(fundamental)| Magnetic quantum number (ml): * splits the subshells into individual orbits * identifies the orientation of the orbital * for any given value of l, ml has a value ranging from +l to –l * e. g. If l=0, ml=0; for l=1, ml=+1, 0, -1 which correspond to the x, y and z orientations of the p orbitals.

The Unalterable Human Condition Exposed in Shirley Jacksons The Lotter

The Unalterable Human Condition Exposed in Shirley Jackson's The Lottery The short story, The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson, managed to capture various human tendencies stemming from the very heart of the unalterable human condition. The willingness to follow tradition blindly, the inherent cruelty of humans, and the unwillingness to change were the primary negative behaviors depicted in the story. The unalterable human condition is one of the truths of human existence. Throughout the course of history, humans tend to act in the same ways, repeat the same mistakes, and end up little better than they were a century before. Although technology has changed, increasing the quality of life, behavior patterns have not changed, decreasing both the sanctity and quality of life. One may begin to wonder if the human race will ever change its behavior in any more ways than rhetoric. The short story, The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson, managed to capture various human tendencies stemming from the very heart of the unalterable human condition. The willingness to follow tradition blindly, the inherent cruelty of humans, and the unwillingness to change were the primary negative behaviors depicted in the story. People enter into society with certain traditions having long since been established. People are terrified of changing those traditions because of the fact that those traditions have been in existence for decades, even centuries. If they have survived that long, people consciously or unconsciously reason, they must be correct. However, that is not necessarily the case. In The Lottery, the tradition must have been at least a century old, as the black box used to choose the lucky winner "had been put into use even before Old Man Wa... ...s existed for thousands of years, human beings are still making the same mistakes as they were when the first humans walked the earth. People live and die, empires rise and fall, while human behavior remains the same the entire time. People ought to learn from the mistakes of the past, not forgetting the things that have gone wrong. The great authors of the world have taken advantage of the unalterable human condition, using it to point out the grave errors that the natural behaviors of human beings can lead to. But before humans begin to dwell to such errors, they should remember that the mistakes they have made are not as important as the lessons humans draw from them . . . Works Cited: Jackson, Shirley. "The Lottery." Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. 5th ed. Ed. Laurence Perrine. San Diego: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Publishers 1998. 180-186

Maslow Case Study

Maslow Case Study 15 1) Cindy’s first year of life was a very trying one, and according to Maslow, the primary needs on her hierarchy were not being sufficiently met. The first need is to have physiological needs satisfied for sheer survival purposes, such as receiving adequate food, water, elimination and sleep. Maslow explained that for a person not receiving these things, their idea of a perfect place would be one where there is plenty of food and water and they can sleep and eliminate whenever they want; if they had all of these things they would believe that they would be perfectly content and happy. For many, these needs are easily satisfied, but for Cindy this was not the case. The physician who performed Cindy’s checkups noted that she was not developing at the rate of normal infants her age, so she immediately suspected neglect, which would include not giving Cindy adequate nutrition. Since everyone of her checkups were late and infrequent, the physician began to question the amount of formula Cindy was receiving and learned that it was nowhere near enough for a child her age. Cindy had also developed a sever diaper rash accompanied by a yeast infect by the third check up which the physician was also very concerned about. The need to be physically well would also fall under the physiological needs. Although Cindy’s physiological needs were not fully satisfied, degrees of satisfaction would allow Cindy to have the needs of other stages working at the same time. Safety needs, or the need to feel a sense of structure, order, security and predictability, are next on Maslow’s hierarchy. Cindy’s mother was said to be a 40 year old drug addict who live in a relatively poor neighborhood that housed African Americans and Latinos, mostly. The mother had no home of her own and did not know who the father was, she would move from house to house where her friends would put her up for a little while. The mother would also stay with the grandmother from time to time. This constant moving, with no home of her own, inadequate nutrition, no love or affection shown and no predictability from day to day would definitely show that Cindy’s safety needs were not satisfied. The third need, the need for belongingness and love, was obviously also not satisfied. Her mother neglected her so much that on one occasion Cindy was dehydrated to the point of medical danger. Once she was finally fostered, her initial foster family was able to provide her with sufficient physiological and safety needs, however, they still did not provide belongingness and love. They showed her little affection and rarely held her or talked to her. By the end of Cindy’s first year, she looked as if she were only 6 months old developmentally. Also, when the family moved to another state they had no desire to adopt her, which also showed how little they cared for her emotionally. The outcome of Cindy’s first trying year of life was severe underdevelopment in which she could barley crawl at one year, an aversion to affection where Cindy would cringe at someone’s touch, and a sense of uncertainty and shyness to her. ) During Cindy’s second year of life, she was placed with a much better foster family would not only fulfilled her needs for survival and safety, they were also very loving. The family had two other daughters, who were trilled to have a baby sister to take care of, the mother stayed at home with the kids during the day and the father was there in the evenings when the mother was working four nights a week inside the home. Cindy had a clean, quiet environment where she was exposed to other chi ldren. She was also shown a lot of affection, which at first she resisted, but eventually she began to become accustom to it and even began seeking it out and developed more rapidly. By the time she was living with this family for six months, she had caught up to the development of children her age. Once Cindy’s biological mother overdosed and died, the option for adoption was there and the new family happily accepted Cindy into there life permanently. The outcome of all of this was that Cindy became a happy, confident child on the same level as other children her age. ) According to Maslow, if Cindy were to actualize, the type of values she would have to embrace would include an acceptance of herself, others and of nature in general, which would allow her not to feel a sense of anxiety, shame or guilt due to her situation as a child. Also, autonomy, appreciation for life events, creativity from an openness to experience and spontaneity, an unhostile sense of humor and a strong ethic al sense would all be values Cindy would have to embrace to be a self-actualizer. There are other characteristics that Maslow listed as belonging to these types o people, but these have a more immediate relationship to Cindy and her upbringing. Her early childhood would defiantly not give Cindy the predisposition to have these values, however, her fortunate situation in which she was later adopted by a loving and providing family would be able to give her the other needs she craves to reach self-actualization.

Aggression In Human Beings Essay - 2073 Words

In cities, suburban areas and even small towns, people are fearful and concerned that violence has permeated the fabric of their communities and degraded the quality of their lives (Albert J. Reiss). There is aggression everyday and it can be seen in all different forms. Where ever you go there will be some type of aggression. While doing research, I learned new things about psychological aggression and affects aggression has on people. The Milgram experiment can show you how psychological affects the humans nature on aggression. This experiment showed how when person when they were not near the learner, shocked them more than if they could see them. On Curiosity, a documentary, there was an episode called â€Å"how evil are you?† which†¦show more content†¦Straus and Carolyn J). An interesting fact I found was that one in four parents swore or cursed at their children with in the past year. The smallest portion of parents threatened to kick their kids out of the house. This was at a 6% prevalent. With all the other acts of psychological aggression, it was used to correct misbehavior or to control them (Murray A. Straus and Carolyn J). Age kids up to age nine, threatening to spank or hit increases. When children reach ages 9-12 and 13-17, it then decreases. A contradicting fact is that about one third of the parents that kids in the 13-17 range reported that they did threatening to hit their child in the previous year. A developmental pattern reveals more serious acts of psychological aggression with a steady increase with age (Murray A. Straus and Carolyn J). There was more psychological aggression from the father towards his kids if he lived with a partner than if he as a male-headed, single-parent family. If the mother was living with a partner, there was still more psychological aggression, but it was much smaller than the father living with a partner (Murray A. Straus and Carolyn J). This study of 991 American parents showed an extremely high occurrence of psychological aggression. Parents that have teenagers reported of using one or more behaviors in the psychological aggression scale. It tended to be more severe to the mean of controlling andShow MoreRelatedAggression Is a Basic Instinct in Animal While Its a Learned Behaviour in Human Being1757 Words   |  8 Pages A baby leatherback turtle makes its way to the open ocean Any behavior is instinctive if it is performed without being based upon prior experience (that is, in the absence of learning), and is therefore an expression of innate biological factors. Sea turtles, newly hatched on a beach, will automatically move toward the ocean. A joey climbs into its mothers pouch upon being born.[1] Honeybees communicate by dancing in the direction of a food source without formal instruction. Other examplesRead More The Nature of Aggression (or is it Nurture?) 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