The Age Of Jackson A Period Of American History Essay

The Age of Jackson, from the 1820 s to the 1830 s, was a period of American history full of contradictions, especially in regard to democracy. The period saw an immense increase in voter participation, nominating committees replaced caucuses, and electors began to be popularly elected. Yet, all of these voting changes affected only a minority of the American people: White, Anglo-Saxon males. So, though one can easily tell that White, Anglo-Saxon males were gaining true liberty and equality, the millions of women. Blacks, Native Americans, immigrants, and other minorities in America continued to languish in a society that ignored their rights. Furthermore, during the Age of Jackson, enslavement of Blacks, the ultimate form of inequality, was at a new high in America. At the same time, enormous disparities of wealth existed between rich merchants, industrialists and planters, and their lowly workers: immigrants. Blacks, and the common man. While these contradictions typified America, J acksonian democrats viewed themselves as guardians of the Constitution, political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of opportunity. But how could anyone be a successful guardian of these ideals while contradictions such as those previously mentioned exist? The answer is that Jackson and his followers must have been what they said they were only to a certain extent. The Jacksonian Democrats were, to some extent, champions of the Constitution, democracy, liberty, and equality.Show MoreRelatedThe Age Of Jackson s Political History1074 Words   |  5 PagesThe Age of Jackson On particular, The Age of Jackson changed America’s political history because Jackson established new precedents with the government’s relations with Indians, the issue of state and federal rights and also established a political rivalry. The Age of Jackson occurred during the time period from 1829 to 1837. During this time period, the United Stated of America was under the presidential term of Andrew Jackson. Ever since Andrew Jackson’s election, there was a complete transformationRead MoreAnalysis Of Andrew Jackson s Life And Presidency Fall Under Constant Scrutiny Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to the study of American History, we tend to focus on the favorable, nationalistic inspiring narratives. In these narratives we analyses the many presidents, assassins, or military leaders in their gain of God, glory and gold. Some people, we study, for who they are their accomplishments and achievements. We look at how they helped progress America, and in some cases, we look at how they ruined America. One former president gets the popularity of either being America’s top leader orRead MoreJacksonian Dbq1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe Age of Jackson, from the 1820s to the 1830s, was a period of American history full of contradictions, especially in regard to democracy. The period saw an increase in voter participation, nominating committees replaced caucuses, and electors began to be popularly elected. Yet, all of these voting changes affected only a minority of the American people: White, Anglo-Saxon males. So, though one can easily tell that White, Anglo-Saxon males were gaining true liberty and equality, the millionsRead MoreThe Importance Of Jacksonian Democracy722 Words   |  3 PagesAndrew Jackson, war hero, man of the people, and seventh president of the United States of America led the Jacksonian Democrats; this political group was formed antebellum America. The democrats tried to aggrandize the puissance of lower classes, Americans that did not have as many opportunities unlike the aristocracy. While decreasing the clout of the rich and potent. Economically, they achieved benefits from governing during a period where huge advances in transportation, which ultimately acceleratedRead MoreThe Life Of Andrew Jackson Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pages The Life of Andrew Jackson Michael J. Ford Jr. Central High School November 9, 2015 4th Period â€Æ' Abstract In my paper I while inform you of the United States 7th president Andrew Jackson. My paper consists of interesting facts about Mr. Jackson. It isn’t like what you read about in regular history books. Although some are random there fun facts that you may or may not know about my topic. The Life of Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson was born Friday March 15, 1767. He was raised in WaxhawRead MoreEudora Welty s A Worn Path956 Words   |  4 Pagesinteresting article â€Å"’A Worn Path’ The Eternal Quest of Welty’s Phoenix Jackson† (The Southern Literary Journal 25.1, Fall 1992: p62-73.) that not only analyzed Eudora Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† (The Collected Works of Eudora Welty) from his perspective but also included the perspectives of other authors which makes his article an excellent source for interpretations of ‘A Worn Path’. Summary Saunders article summarizes Phoenix Jackson as a symbol of the Christian religion and articulates the interpretationRead MoreThe Contributions Of The Jacksonian Era1217 Words   |  5 Pages Andrew Jackson was president for only two terms, but he left behind a legacy that lasted for many years. His legacy lasted so long they named an Era after him, the Jacksonian Era. Andrew Jackson was unlike the presidents before him, and he was considered the first modern president. I agree that the Jacksonian Era was a pivotal period in American History when the role of the Federal Government and the President were redefined. Many changes occurred during the Jacksonian Era like the issue of slaveryRead MoreAndrew Jackson’s ‘Era of the Common Man’ or the ‘Jacksonian Period’ (1824-1845)1100 Words   |  5 Pages Andrew Jackson’s ‘Era of the Common Man’ or the ‘Jacksonian Period’ (1824-1845) starts at his inauguration, and ends as the Civil War begins. Jackson was the first president that was not born into wealth or education, but instead made his own wealth, and taught himself up to a prime education, a ‘self-made man’, as some may say, this and his military history made him the defining figure of his age. Although, he downplayed his past successes to make him more like the ‘common man’, and appeal toRead MoreThe Power And Influence Of Gospel Music On The American Civil Rights Movement1594 Words   |  7 PagesGospel Music on the American Civil Rights Movement For centuries, Gospel music has influenced and promoted African-American social, moral and ethical values, playing an imperative role in modelling their past and future. Originating from the hardships of slavery and the strength of Christian worship, Gospel music has adapted to musical tastes through the development of a number of sub-genres, while retaining its moral and spiritual framework. Throughout its musical history, Gospel music has hadRead MoreThe Time Period Of Late Colonial And Revolutionary America1119 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the time period of late colonial and revolutionary America, change emerged with great occurrence. Society and the individuals that shaped its very being were influenced greatly by not just the land around them, but the people who came forth and represented it. From 1787 to 1861, America experienced an increased fluctuate of these particular individuals. For example Alexander Hamilton, Frederick Douglas, and Andrew Jackson. Each of those named re igned in their own quarters leaving an influential

Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe - 1359 Words

What would you sell your soul for? A question Faustus had to ask when he wanted to gain more than just knowledge. England during the 1550’s had gone through many changes with religion, leaving the people unsure of what they wanted. When Elizabeth finally claimed throne and stayed Queen for a forty- five year reign, there were stable religious changes. For an escape and way of entertainment, society would attend plays. Due to the changing events during the Elizabethan era, plays were a stress reliever for the people such as the play Doctor Faustus; written by Christopher Marlowe who was also dealing with his own religious problems symbolizing the life of Elizabethan times. England had four different rulers take the throne within a twenty year span. Henry VIII ruled in 1509, being well known for having married six wives and wanting to produce a male heir (Singman 1). Henry wanted a divorce; he asked for the pope to help him and ended in rejection. Henry was angry resulting in his passing of legislation that separated him from the Roman Catholic Church (Singman 1). After his third wife gave birth to Edward VI, she died. In 1547, after his father’s death, Edward took throne under age advised by guardians. He died before he came of age to rule on his own. (Singman 2). The next oldest child was Mary, an extreme Catholic. She reunited England with the Catholic Church; that soon changed after she died in 1558 after her short ruling (Singman 2). The outcomes of her ruling wereShow MoreRelatedEssay on Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe2013 Words   |  9 PagesDoctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe Elizabeth I came to the throne of England during a time of intense religious turmoil and political uncertainty. By the end of her reign, England stood as the first officially Protestant nation in Europe; however, tensions between Protestants and the repressed Catholic minority continued to plague the nation. Much of the literature produced during the time of her reign reflected sensitivities to religion and resulting political intrigues. In his play DoctorRead MoreThe Myth Of Doctor Faustus By Christopher Marlowe1026 Words   |  5 Pagesclass we have read a few plays in our book The Norton Anthology of Drama Shorter Second Edition by Gainor, Garner Jr., and Puchner. Out of the plays we have read, ranging from Oedipus the King by Sophocles to The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe, the play Everyman by Anonymous uses drama to reflect upon the religious and political concerns of the time. Everyman took place during the 1530’s. Drama in the medieval church developed through the early religious plays. This medievalRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Christopher Marlowe s Doctor Faustus1416 Words   |  6 Pagesmotivational force? The following essay will examine the actions of the characters within Christopher Marlowe’s drama text Doctor Faustus in terms of witchcraft, lust, and other motivational forces, to come to a conclusion on which force is the most influential. Within the text, witchcraft is one of the main forces that influences the actions of the character Faustus himself. At the beginning of the text, Faustus becomes displeased with the knowledge he has so far gained, and aspires for more. He reviewsRead MoreChristopher Marlowe Protests: The Moral of Doctor Faustus Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Doctor Faustus was written, there was turmoil in Elizabethan society. The old medieval view made God the most important aspect of the world, while mankind and the natural world were ignored. This was giving way to the idea that mankind and the natural world were supreme. At first glance, it seems that Doctor Faustus was written with the medieval ideal in mind, however, I believe this is not so. I believe that Marlowe subscribed to the renaissance view of the world, and Doctor Faustus was intendedRead MoreChristopher Marlowe s The Tragical History Of The Life And Death Of Doctor Faustus 1688 Words   |  7 Pagesdeveloping rapidly. In the 16th century, a playwright, poet and translator, Christopher Marlowe, decided to reach out even further than an ordinary human experience. In the age of social, scientific and cultural rebirth, Marlowe examined the possibilities and consequences of reaching out the most from knowledge, power and wealth. In the play, The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, the main protagonist, Dr. Faustus, sick and tired of the limited abilities of any human individual tradesRead MoreThe Forces of Evil in The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, by Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth567 Words   |  2 PagesDr. Faustus in The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, by Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth have similar interactions with forces of evil. Both characters believe it is necessary to gain power by following the devil or witches. Macbeth follows the witches’ equivocal prophecy to have absolute control over Scotland. He gives up his place in heaven to be king on earth. After Macbeth’s murder of Duncan, Macbeth has entered into a Faustian Bargain which he will never be able toRead MorePlay Flourishing in Elizabethan Era and a Review of Christopher Marlow’s Play The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus678 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus is a play written by Christopher Marlowe. Christopher Marlowe is an English playwright who lived and created during the rule of Elizabeth I. The whole period of her reign, from 1558 to 1603, is called Elizabethan age and is known for being the greatest period in the history of English literature, so as the golden age of English drama. Since the number of plays was growing, lots of theaters were opened and made art more available to average people. HistoricalRead More A Comparison of Everyman and Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus1145 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison of Everyman and Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus Everyman and Doctor Faustus are both Morality Plays, these are specifically plays that existed within the Medieval period. They were popular during this period as they were intended to instruct the audience in the Christian way and attitudes to life. The morality play is essentially an allegory written in dramatic form. In the fourteenth Century, morality plays were mainly based on the seven deadly sins as in everyman withRead MoreEssay about Dr Faustus - Ambition1259 Words   |  6 PagesDr Faustus - Ambition â€Å"Marlowe’s biographers often portray him as a dangerously over–ambitious individual. Explore ways this aspect of Marlowe’s personality is reflected in ‘Dr. Faustus.’ † Christopher Marlowe lived during the Renaissance period in 16th century England. Although this was a time of change, the Elizabethans still had fixed moral values. ‘The Chain of Being,’ a concept inherited from the Middle Ages, can be described as a hierarchy of society, with the monarch at the top andRead MoreComparison Between Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeares Twelfth Night872 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus versus William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Both Christopher Marlowes Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeares Twelfth Night deploy many of the same characteristic rhetorical features of 16th century verse dramas. Both plays are characterized by highly elaborate language, usually in iambic pentameter, although different types of verse structures are occasionally used to convey different moods or character types. Both plays combine tragedy and comedy within the

My Experience At Hair Savvy Hair And Nail Salon - 1107 Words

The entrepreneur I interviewed was, Dehra Battle. She is the owner and stylist at Hair Savvy Hair and Nail Salon. The salon opened up on the Spring of 2010. I have known Dehra for the past 10 years. She has been my personal hair stylist for the last 10 years. Being a close family friend, I have witnessed her trials and tribulations with being an entrepreneur. I choose Dehra, because she is a wonderful and hard working woman; she has a passion for helping others with self esteem by creating signature styles that will give any woman the confidence. Dehra was not satisfied with working under a salon owner who was not concerned about the workers safety and customer satisfaction. She wanted to be in control and create an environment that customers would love to attend regularly. Her personal background played a tremendous part of her in her desire of becoming an entrepreneur. Dehra’s mother was a nail tech part time for a the majority of her childhood. Being in this environment for a strong portion of her life, she developed a passion for the art of beauty services. As she got older she began to start learning how to do hair. She attended a high school that had a vocational program for where students could earn their cosmetology license, STNA certificate, and etc. Dehra received her cosmetology license while in high school. After graduation from high school, she worked in several shops where she trained under some of the top stylists of Cleveland. She became the salon managerShow MoreRelatedInterview Analysis : Dehra Battle1211 Words   |  5 PagesThe entrepreneur that I choose to interview was, Dehra Battle. She is the owner and stylist at her own salon called, Hair Savvy Hair and Nail Salon. The salon opened up on the Spring of 2010. I have known Dehra for the past 10 years. She has been my personal hair stylist for the last 10 years. Being a close family friend, I have seen her trials and tribulations with opening her own salon. I choose Dehra, because s he is a wonderful and hard working woman, who put her passion for helping others withRead MoreDigital Savvy Equals Excessive Use of Technology Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesDigital Savvy Equals Excessive Use of Technology As a relatively affluent and highly educated group of minorities, it is not surprising that Asian Americans are heavy influencers in the digital and media spaces. Since many Asians actually came from countries with higher penetration of digital technology, they are very fond of using the latest and greatest gadgets on the market. According to a report that was published by the Nielsen Company in 2012, Asian Americans are â€Å"digital pioneers†, whoRead MoreInnovation1610 Words   |  7 Pagesbuild innovation-led growth. This type of leadership establishes the framework for delivering effective innovation management by product planning, innovation portfolio management, new product development and the lifecycle of ideas to market closure. 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We are also able to see closer evidence of it in our day-to-day activities, in the numerous male beauty products in grocery stores ranging from hair gel to masculine wash, andRead MoreMarketing Paper - MAC Cosmetics - Product Place Strategy10696 Words   |  43 Pagesbeing essentially different – for example, furniture, housing, clothing and universities. ( MKTG 200 – Student Edition, 2013. Lamb/Hair/McDaniel) As one of the 25 individual cosmetic brands that are owned by Estee Lauder cosmetics, MAC   varies in use and performance and meets the needs of specific market of women with its products. (MKTG 200 – Student Edition, 2013. Lamb/Hair/McDaneil). From the very beginning the marketing strategy was to created makeup for makeup artists for fashion, moviesRead MoreRetail Management30153 Words   |  121 PagesIntroduction to Retail Retail comes from the French word retailler, which refers to cutting off my hands, clip and divide in terms of tailoring (1365). 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Reducing overall selling and administrative expenses by approximately 10%, cutting back on restructuring and management transition costRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 PagesDifficulty: Easy 6) As economies advance, a growing proportion of their activities focuses on the production of ________. A) products B) events C) experiences D) luxury goods E) services Answer: E Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate 7) Car rental firms, hair dressers, and management consultants provide ________. A) goods B) experiences C) events D) services E) information Answer: D Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Easy 8) The Soccer WorldRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagescompanies in the United States and throughout the world? How can companies renew and sustain those factors in the face of the business slowdowns and major fluctuations that challenge the longterm continuation of profitable earnings? 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JOhn Lewis environment forces free essay sample

John Lewis, one of subsidiaries of John Lewis Partnership (JLP), launched its first store in London’s Oxford Street in 1864. The company then has implemented the organic grown approach, pursuing a dynamic business and corporate strategy. It has been successful by making the right strategic decisions thorough effective operation (O’Regan and Ghobadian, 2012). By 2012, the firm becomes the largest multichannel department store retailer in the UK, with 30 department stores and 9 John Lewis at home, providing Fashion, Home, Electronic products and Home Technology assortment. It publicised that profit before tax in 2012 was ? 15. 8 million, almost triple of that a decade ago (John Lewis plc interim report, 2012). However, success cannot only be measured in term of finance, but also in term of stakeholders’ happiness. John Lewis achieved Britain’s Favourite Retailer Awards for the fourth consecutive year in 2011 and many other awards. This paper is about to use environmental forces to explain the achievements of John Lewis over 150 years. The work contains mainly three parts: macro-environmental force focusing on four points, then moving to two elements in micro-environment and conclusion. Macro-environmental forces Macro-environment is also known as external environment which affects business decision in various ways and which can impinge not only on the transformation of the firm, but also on the process of resources acquisition and on the creation and consumption of output (Worthington and Britton, 2009). These forces can shape and moderate the behaviour of all stakeholders in the market including competitors, suppliers, customers and employees. The macro forces are often organised into political/legal, economic, ecological/physical, social/cultural and technology (Kotler et al. , 2010, p. 154). In order to clarify its influence effectively, the economists arrange them into few models such as PESTEL, DEEPLIST. This paper will apply the PEST model to consider: Political, Economic, Social-cultural and Technology impacts on the success of John Lewis. Political and Legal In order to predict and achieve economic objectives, the government attempts to have some control over business environment. To recover the economy from the recession, the Bank of England has historically set up the interest rate at less than 2% since 2008. It aims to persuade consumers that saving money is less attractive as less interest is received and it also reduce the payment on mortgages and other loans. Homeowners, hence, have more discretionary income, resulting in spending on other consumer goods (Bain, 2009). Moreover, the low rate which means little in return, will increase consumer confidence in purchasing because cost of goods bought in credit is poorer. Although the majority products in John Lewis are highly income elasticity like electrical and furniture goods which are more expensive comparing to them of other retailers such as Debenhams, the low interest boosted the sales of the stores, thus greatly help performing during the recession. The electrical and home technological sales in John Lewis rose up by 13% in 2009, mostly from TV sales (Bain, 2009). Since 2012, British government has encouraged companies to practice Employee Share Ownership Plan (ESOP) which is giving shares to employees with the aim of urging motivation, thus growing and improving productivity (BBC News, 2012a). This strategy has been already practiced by Sir John Spedan Lewis, founder of JLP, many years ago and present as a unique figure of JLP. The declaration of Nick Clegg, Deputy Minister of Britain, of JLP as a typical example of excellent employee owned company that is having a great performance and contribution towards the UK economy, has been again strengthened. Since government mention of JLP as a successful model of ESOP, it can augment the reputation of the Partnership. In term of specific effects on John Lewis Department Store, this honour is an enormous promotion on national level, so enabling to maintain customer’s loyalty and attract more potential customers which will benefit its long term growth. Economics The financial crisis in 2008 caused the failure for many companies across many countries in the world, including the UK. However, the very low interest rate, mentioned above, helped John Lewis to survive because the low rate will increase business confidence, hence more investments are made. This is because the returns on the future strategies seem to exceed interest payments that have to be made on borrowed funds. For instance, with the ? 6 million for 6-week TV advertising campaign, the company was able to succeed even in the recession as its gross sales increased by 2. 8% during the campaign. Helping the company survive and expand, a new department store in Cardiff represents John Lewis’s solid position even during the harsh economic environment (John Lewis Partnership annual report and accounts). Moreover, United Kingdom is one of the countries which have high GDP in the world, with the GDP in 2011 of $2. 4 trillion and $37,100 per capita (Central Intelligence Agency 2012). Therefore, it confirms that UK market with its strong purchasing power and living standard creates advantages for every business, particularly in retail sector. Strong purchasing power will increase demand for goods and services in the market, thus the firm can use this advantages to enlarge profitability (Gerth and Kotler, 1999). For that reason, John Lewis is able to benefit from purchasing power in order to produce more sales and increase the profit. In addition, John Lewis’s products are a little higher in price because of its quality, however, it still has ability to make up their price to maximise the profit and compete with other firms. It is because the high income and living standard allow people to have more money in their budget, hence for customers easily accepting a small change in price. As a result, with competitive pricing, total sales at John Lewis rose 6. 7% and 21% rise in operating profit in 2009 (Gordon, 2010). Socio-cultural The success in children sales are affected by the demographic change in the UK, including population and age structure. The population in Britain has been growing constantly over the decade, reaching approximately 63. 2 million in 2011, 4 million more than recorded in 2001 (BBC News, 2012a). This, in turn affects John Lewis toys, nursery and baby sales that soared to 10. 3% in 2012 as John Lewis is famous for its distinct children game, Lego (Holland, 2012). According to a recent BBC News, in 2011 the number of babies born in England was the highest since 1971, expecting another record-breaking in 2012 (BBC News, 2013). Other statistics from BBC News (2012c) displayed that there has been a rise in life expectancy in the UK with 16. 4% of people over aged 65, the highest record in any census, due to high living standard. A research claims that mature people tend to spend more on their grandchildren rather than on them and less on luxury goods (Access economics, 2001). Hence, it is highly proved that the more born babies and high ageing population will lead to greater demand for children’s products such as toys, hence increasing sales on John Lewis in general. On the other hand, lifestyle can clearly affect people’s attitudes and behaviours (Worthington and Britton, 2009, p. 144). The prevalence of internet creates a new lifestyle in which people embrace social networks to communicate. Understanding the rapid spreading ‘culture’ social networks such as Facebook and Twitter in community, John Lewis has leveraged them to catch up with new trend, hence keep in touch with customers. After launching John Lewis’s Facebook page in 2010, today it has nearly 400,000 followers (The Marketing Society, 2013). With such a huge amount of people connecting with the firm, the networks can be used for marketing purpose which is vastly cost-effective instead of other advertising tools. John Lewis, for example, is able to inform its followers easily about promotion and sale period, hoping to encourage sale. Technology The emergence of the internet supports firms to build and maintain customer relationship by online activities which may assist the exchange of ideas, products and services (Mohammed et al. , 2001 cited by Gay et al. 2007, p. 6). Nowadays, people are busier so in-store shopping is less and less attractive or they do not want to be in the multitude during peak times such as Christmas. Online shopping, which can substitute the traditional method, can help buyers to purchase at anytime and anywhere. Therefore, with the convenience, johnlewis. com is an important element of John Lewis’s success. There was just 27. 2% increased sales, compared to that in 2010, on johnlewis. com, accounting for 19% of total in 2011 while the online sales rose by 40% in 2012, accounting for 25% of total company revenue (John Lewis plc interim report 2011, p. 6 and 2012, p. 6). These figures express a significant improvement of online sales for the previous two years. The John Lewis website, additionally, provides all information about products such as price, usage introduction, so it is not necessary for customers to visit stores for advice thus saving time. It achieved the â€Å"Best Online Retail† of 2010 conducted by Verdict Research (John Lewis), hence strengthening the image. Micro-environmental forces Opposing to macro environment, micro-environmental forces are closer to the business and impact directly on its operation. These forces usually consist of employees, customers, suppliers and distributors (Worthington and Britton, 2009). Among those, stakeholders such as employees and customers have played important roles in the success of John Lewis. Knowing that employee, who will deliver products and services to customers, is one of the most crucial factors that influence the victory of the company so John Lewis has applied the ESOP for long time growth, emphasising that employees are its partners. In 2011, when the high revenue was still suffering by the recession’s effects, John Lewis staffs received 17% share of profit, which was equivalent to an approximate payment of nine weeks (The Guardian, 2012). A survey conducted by Bryson and Freeman (2010) implies that many employees desire some forms of ownership in the company where they work, thus this benefit will increase employee loyalty and enthusiasm to work harder. Since employees are also the owners, hence if they are more responsible and dedicated to the jobs, the business not only can increase profitability, but also is able to receive more dividends. Although ESOP may reduce the retained profit of the firm, it helps John Lewis to grow further in long term prospect. Moreover, the loyal customer base is considered as a main contributor to John Lewis’s achievement. Throughout years, John Lewis has gradually become a trusted brand to its customers. The over 88 years motto â€Å"Never Knowingly Undersold† which claims to provide the lowest price comparing to other high street competitors, has recently been altered its promise to match with the warranty service offered by the John Lewis (The Telegraph, 2011). It means the price which John Lewis offers is higher than some other retailers. However, it seems to not have much effect on John Lewis as consumers are looking for a reliable brand, not just cheapest price and they also believe in the value of the firm. Therefore, people are willing to pay more at the Department due to its high quality and outstanding services. This is the reason why John Lewis could perform well during recession, while other competitors, for example, Debenhams and BHS seemed to choose other inadequate solutions such as loss-leader, hence suffering loss (Wood, 2011). Conclusion John Lewis Department Store is executing perfectly with micro and macro environmental forces. This is proved by its survival over recession and the favourable financial statement provided by the firm over many years. The success is reasoned to John Lewis effective management by making the right decisions and comprehending the importance of environmental factors such as the emergence of shopping online. Furthermore, its value in quality from products to services has built a strongly recognized brand to customers, thus becoming the leader in UK retail market. However, the environment forces are very capricious so John Lewis has to be always cautious and be prepared for any contingency plans in order to preserve its prestige in the future.